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Posttraumatic stress disorder〔Acceptable variants of this term exist; see the ''Terminology'' section in this article.〕 (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that can develop after a person is exposed to one or more traumatic events, such as sexual assault, warfare, traffic collisions, terrorism or other threats on a person's life. Symptoms include disturbing recurring flashbacks, avoidance or numbing of memories of the event, and hyperarousal, continue for more than a month after the occurrence of a traumatic event.〔 Most people who have experienced a traumatizing event will not develop PTSD.〔 〕 People who experience assault-based trauma are more likely to develop PTSD, as opposed to people who experience non-assault based trauma such as witnessing trauma, accidents, and fire events. Children are less likely to experience PTSD after trauma than adults, especially if they are under ten years of age.〔 War veterans are commonly at risk for PTSD. Medications including fluoxetine and paroxetine may improve symptoms a small amount.〔 Most medications do not have enough evidence to support their use. It is unclear as of 2010 if medication and therapy together are better than either alone. The term "posttraumatic stress disorder" was coined in the late 1970s in large part due to diagnoses of US military veterans of the Vietnam War.〔 The concept of stress-induced mental disorder was already known since at least the 19th century, and had been referred to previously under various terms including "soldier's heart", "shell shock" and "battle fatigue". == Classification == Posttraumatic stress disorder is classified as an anxiety disorder in the DSM IV; the characteristic symptoms are not present before exposure to the violently traumatic event. In the typical case, the individual with PTSD persistently avoids all thoughts and emotions, and discussion of the stressor event and may experience amnesia for it. However, the event is commonly relived by the individual through intrusive, recurrent recollections, flashbacks, and nightmares.〔; (on-line ).〕 The characteristic symptoms are considered acute if lasting less than three months, and chronic if persisting three months or more, and with delayed onset if the symptoms first occur after six months or some years later. PTSD is distinct from the briefer acute stress disorder, and can cause clinical impairment in significant areas of functioning. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Posttraumatic stress disorder」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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